地理信息学与地统计学：概述

Coastal Adaptability: Strategies for Managing Erosion and Building Adaptation

Zheng Hiu

Coastal erosion poses a significant threat to coastal communities, economies, and ecosystems worldwide. This manuscript delves into the causes and impacts of coastal erosion, and examines various management strategies employed to reduce its effects. From hard engineering structures to soft measures such as beach nourishment and managed retreat, a combination of approaches is often necessary to effectively manage coastal erosion and adapt to changing coastal dynamics. Coastal erosion is the gradual wearing away of land by the action of natural forces, primarily waves and currents. It is a natural process exacerbated by human activities such as climate change, coastal development, and unsustainable land use practices. The consequences of coastal erosion can be severe, including loss of property, infrastructure, and valuable ecosystems. Thus, effective management strategies are essential to minimize these impacts.