药剂学与药物输送研究杂志

Pharmacokinetics: How Drugs Move Through the Body

Micardo David, Dridi Ichrak, Mahrssiya Faouzia, Zaeid Sonia, Chadly Zohra, Chaabane Amel, Ben Fadhel Najah, Boughattas A Naceur, Aouam Karim, Ben Romdhane Haifa, Ben Fredj Nadia

Cheap Viagra Online

 

Viagra has been the world's most well known, widely used and safe-proved medication to restore potency and beat the symptoms of erectile dysfunction for more than 20 years. It rarely happens that a drug that was a pioneer in the pharmaceutical market in terms of treating some particular disease continues to hold its position for such a long time. This is all the more surprising if we take into account the fact that several years after the creation of Viagra, consumers were offered the ability to choose between it and two other completely trustworthy drugs - Cialis and Levitra, both designed for combating erectile dysfunction (ED). Viagra belongs to the category of PDE-5 inhibitors. Medicines from this group are used mainly to normalize potency in erectile dysfunction of both psychological and physiological etiology, as well as in cases where the disease is caused by a mixture of these two reasons. The active substance of Viagra is Sildenafil citrate. This is a substance of artificial origin, it was synthesized by scientists from the US pharmaceutical concern Pfizer initially for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, but it turned out to be more effective in the treatment of ED. Sildenafil causes increased blood flow to the penis, which becomes possible due to the vasodilating effect. Meanwhile, the effect is mainly on the vessels of the penis, because the enzyme PDE-5, which is responsible for the termination of an erection, is produced mainly in the cavernous bodies of the penis. In a residual amount, it is also present in the arteries of the lungs and brain, which explains such side effects of Viagra as headache and dizziness. By blocking production of PDE-5, Sildenafil also increases the duration of a sexual intercourse. Today, branded Viagra is produced in dosages of 25, 50 and 100 mg in the form of pills, which must be taken with water. Despite the fact that Cialis and Levitra have a sufficient number of their own fans, Viagra remains the leading drug for ED in the United States and many other countries around the world. The recognition of the "magic blue pill" is amazing: almost everywhere and everyone, both men and women, have at least once heard about this medicine.

It is no secret that erectile dysfunction has become much younger over the past couple of decades, and today male potency in general leaves much to be desired. Previously, it were men over 50-60 years old, or at least over 40 years old, who complained about weakening of erection. However, in the modern world with its nervous rhythm of life, constant dependence on gadgets, the need to be in touch 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and at the same time lead a sedentary lifestyle, men in their thirties or even twenties more and more often come to urologists for help. While in older men, potency disorders are usually associated with the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP) and various concomitant diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerosis, etc., as well as a natural age-related decrease in testosterone levels, middle-aged men and especially the younger in most cases suffer from psychogenic erectile dysfunction. It can be caused by negative sexual experiences, lack of self-confidence, increased stress levels, inability to relax in bed and leave all daily problems outside the bedroom threshold, and even by a lack of sufficient ability to flirt with the opposite sex. The focus of modern life on virtual interaction with other people also negatively affects the formation of normal male sexuality, which is especially important at the beginning of sex life. It happens that during virtual sex, watching porn, hanging in sex chats and even video calls with masturbation in front of a webcam, a man demonstrates a normal erection. Still, when he actually meets the object of his attention, he is lost, embarrassed, and afraid of disappointing a woman and is generally unable to make penetration because of a flaccid penis. The effectiveness of Viagra makes it especially indispensable in the treatment of serious forms of erectile dysfunction, when a man not only experiences an insufficiently strong erection, but cannot achieve it at all. Nevertheless, this drug has a serious drawback (although for Pfizer, of course, this is more of an advantage): a high price.

Cheap Viagra

To buy affordable Viagra is the dream of almost every man who is faced with the need to fight the manifestations of erectile dysfunction. To normalize sexual activity, in most cases, Viagra should be taken regularly. In addition, few people are happy to reduce the amount of sex because of the fact that there is simply no money for expensive pills. Fortunately, today several tricks can save you quite a large amount of money. First of all, this is the Internet - namely, online drugstores.

If you want to buy Viagra online cheap in the US and still get the medicine of excellent quality, the best option is to search for discounted branded medicine. Even if you don't look for discounts, Viagra is sold at significantly lower prices in most online pharmacies than in regular ones. When ordering online, it is more than realistic to save from 2 to 10% of the cost of the original drug. If you are lucky and you stumble upon a special offer, promotion or promo code, you can buy Viagra at a price 10-30% cheaper than the market average https://plri.org/resource/viagra-online-cheap-price/. By the way, the average price of one 100 mg Viagra pill in the United States in ordinary local pharmacies is $58.

The disadvantage of this trick is that you need to constantly keep your finger on the pulse of prices in different pharmacies, register on their websites, compare delivery terms and, in general, devote too much time and attention to the buying process. Situations are not uncommon when it is not possible to find a discount on branded Viagra. In addition to buying the original Viagra on a special offer, there is another way to save your budget from ruin - to turn your attention to the numerous Viagra generics.

Generic Viagra

Buying Generic Viagra is the most effective way to get Sildenafil Citrate at an affordable price, so you can restore your potency without worrying about your wallet. After all, the average price of Indian-made Viagra generics is only $5 per pill with a dosage of 100 mg. This makes it possible to take the medication regularly and to fully stabilize the erection.

Generics of Viagra are full-fledged analogs of a branded drug, because they are produced according to a ready-made drug formula. In this regard, the fears of some consumers that generics are somehow worse than branded Viagra and are inferior to it are not justified.

The best way to buy cheap generic Viagra is to make an order in some online pharmacy. In the US, the sale of generic erectile dysfunction drugs is not encouraged by pharmaceutical legislation, and most of the least advantageous offers are available to consumers. Because of this, it is better to opt for foreign online pharmacies, which in most cases have much more profitable offers. The process of buying any medicine from an online pharmacy is no different from placing an order in an online store. Moreover, it is often even easier to make a purchase at an online pharmacy based in a foreign country than in one that has its official residence in the United States, due to simpler registration process. All pharmacies that deliver drugs to the United States are localized, that is, they have an interface available in English, and customer support communicates in this language as well.

Generic Viagra Manufacturers

Of course, not all generics of the famous blue pills are as cheap as Indian ones. This is because of the fact that they are produced by almost all major pharmaceutical companies in the world. European generics are more expensive - their average price is $12-18. The Canadian generics of Viagra are at about the same level, and the Australian ones cost about $25 (everywhere the prices are given for one 100 mg pill). In local pharmacies in the United States, you can find mainly generics of Viagra made in Israel (Teva Pharaceuticals) and the United States (US division of Sandoz), which are among the most expensive options. That is why it is much more profitable to order Viagra analogues in online pharmacies, moreover, foreign ones, where the assortment is many times greater, and the prices are much lower.

The largest Canadian manufacturers of Viagra generics are Apotex Inc. and Novartis AG. Their products are of high quality and affordable prices, which makes them especially popular in the United States. Canadian Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. also has its own versions of Viagra. and Pharmascience Inc., but the cost of Viagra, which is produced under their name, is slightly higher.

Australian versions of generic Viagra tend to have less pronounced side effects compared to Pfizer products, because Australian manufacturers pay special attention to thorough purification of the active ingredient. On the international pharmaceutical market, Australian generics of Viagra are mainly represented by Terry White Chemists, which also owns a large pharmacy chain.

Generics of Viagra from India have been the most demanded on the international market for several years. They fully justify the excellent reputation of Indian pharmacists: the drugs that are produced by Indian pharmaceutical companies, in most cases, are even better in quality than the products of European concerns. That being said, they are available at the lowest prices compared with all other reliable offers in the world. Viagra manufacturers from India that will definitely not disappoint consumers include companies such as Centurion Laboratories, Dr. Reddy's, Ranbaxy, Cipla, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Torrent Pharmaceuticals, Lancet Pharmaceuticals, Cadila Healthcare and many more. India is the country with the largest number of active large pharmaceutical companies. Some of them in the production of Viagra are limited to classic pills, but a number of others also offer innovative solutions in terms of the form of release. These include oral gels and soft pills. These forms of release of Viagra have in common the fact that they begin to act after the intake sooner than traditional pills. They also have increased digestibility, so a lower dosage may be required to achieve the desired effect.