临床营养与代谢杂志

Parenteral Nutrition

Parenteral nutrition is process to delivery part of calories and nutrients into a vein. This will be as carbohydrate calories delivered as simple sugar in an intravenous solution or the required nutrients could be delivered including carbohydrate, protein, fat, electrolytes, vitamins and some trace elements.

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) is a medical treatment that provides essential nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, to individuals who are unable to obtain adequate nutrition through oral intake. PN is typically administered through an intravenous (IV) catheter, which allows the nutrients to bypass the digestive system and be delivered directly into the bloodstream.

Parenteral nutrition is used for a variety of medical conditions, including severe malnutrition, gastrointestinal disorders, and cancer. It is also used for individuals who are unable to eat or absorb nutrients due to surgery or trauma. Parenteral nutrition can be a lifesaving treatment for individuals who are unable to obtain adequate nutrition through oral intake.

Parenteral nutrition is typically administered in a hospital or outpatient setting and is customized to meet the individual nutritional needs of the patient. The composition of the PN solution is adjusted based on the patient's weight, age, medical condition, and nutrient requirements.

Although Parenteral nutrition can be a lifesaving treatment, it is associated with a number of complications, including infection, liver and kidney dysfunction, and metabolic imbalances. PN also carries a risk of overfeeding, which can lead to complications such as hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and fluid overload.

To minimize the risks associated with parenteral nutrition, careful monitoring is required. Patients receiving PN are closely monitored for signs of infection, metabolic imbalances, and other complications. Blood tests are regularly performed to monitor electrolyte levels, liver and kidney function, and other indicators of nutritional status.

Parenteral nutrition is a critical treatment for individuals who are unable to obtain adequate nutrition through oral intake. While it carries certain risks and complications, careful monitoring and management can minimize these risks and improve the nutritional status and health outcomes of patients in need of this treatment.